Atlas Radiation Medicine (716) 555-0100 3910 N. Buffalo Road, Orchard Park, NY

Understanding Your
Radiation Treatment

Straightforward information about radiation therapy — what it is, how it works, what to expect, and answers to the questions patients ask most.

What Is Radiation? Treatment Types Side Effects FAQ Glossary

What Is Radiation Therapy?

Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or particles to disrupt the DNA inside cancer cells, preventing them from growing or replicating. Over time, the treated cells stop dividing and the tumor reduces in size.

Modern radiation therapy — especially the techniques we use at Atlas — is extraordinarily precise. Beams are shaped, modulated, and guided in real time to target tumor tissue while protecting the healthy tissue around it.

Radiation can be used as the primary treatment, after surgery to eliminate any remaining cancer cells, alongside chemotherapy, or for palliative care to relieve pain or other symptoms.

50%
of all cancer patients will receive radiation therapy at some point in their treatment
5 min
is all the actual beam-on time required for many modern SBRT treatments
Painless
radiation therapy does not hurt during treatment — you will not feel the beams

Types of Radiation Therapy We Offer

Each technique is tailored to the type, location, and stage of your cancer. Dr. Hallock will recommend the approach that gives you the best outcome with the fewest side effects.

SBRT Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Delivers very high doses of precisely targeted radiation in just 1–5 sessions. Used for lung, prostate, liver, spine, kidney, and other cancers. Highly effective with minimal side effects compared to conventional radiation.

Typical course: 1–5 sessions over 1–2 weeks

SRS Stereotactic Radiosurgery

A single-session treatment for brain tumors and metastases. Delivers highly focused radiation with surgical precision. No incision, no anesthesia, no hospital stay. Most patients go home the same day.

Typical course: 1 session (same-day discharge)

IMRT Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy

Uses hundreds of tiny beams that vary in intensity to shape dose around complex tumor boundaries while sparing nearby critical structures like the spinal cord, salivary glands, or bladder. Standard for head & neck, prostate, and pelvic cancers.

Typical course: 25–44 sessions over 5–9 weeks

IGRT Image-Guided Radiation Therapy

Takes imaging right before each treatment to verify tumor position and adjust for any changes. Accounts for organ motion (bladder filling, breathing) and daily variation in patient positioning. Used alongside IMRT and SBRT.

Used in combination with other techniques

Side Effects of Radiation Therapy

Side effects depend on which part of the body is treated, the total dose, and the technique used. With modern precision radiation like SBRT and IMRT, serious side effects are far less common than they were a generation ago.

Fatigue

The most common side effect across all treatment sites. Often builds gradually over the course of treatment and resolves within weeks after treatment ends. Staying hydrated, maintaining light activity, and sleeping well all help.

Skin Reactions

The skin in the treated area may become red, dry, or sensitive — similar to a sunburn. This is most common with breast, head and neck, and skin treatments. Our team provides specific skincare instructions.

Site-Specific Effects

Radiation to the head and neck may cause temporary dry mouth or difficulty swallowing. Pelvic radiation may cause urinary changes or bowel changes. Brain radiation can cause temporary hair loss in the treated area. Dr. Hallock will review the specific risks for your treatment site at your consultation.

What We Do Differently

The precision of SBRT, IMRT, and surface-guided radiation therapy at Atlas significantly reduces dose to surrounding healthy tissue — which directly translates to fewer and less severe side effects compared to older radiation techniques.

Frequently Asked Questions

No. External beam radiation therapy — the type we provide — does not make you radioactive. The radiation enters and exits your body during treatment and leaves no residue behind. You are completely safe to be around family, children, and pets immediately after every session.
Yes, most patients drive themselves to and from radiation appointments. Unlike chemotherapy, radiation does not cause sedation. If you develop significant fatigue over a long treatment course, you may want to arrange a ride on your more difficult days — but many patients drive throughout their entire treatment.
Most patients are in and out in 15–30 minutes. The actual beam-on time is typically just 3–10 minutes — the rest of the time is setup and positioning. SBRT sessions may run slightly longer (30–60 minutes) due to the additional precision required.
Hair loss only occurs in the area being treated. If you receive radiation to your scalp or brain, you may experience hair loss in that specific area. Radiation to the breast, chest, abdomen, or pelvis does not cause hair loss on your head.
No — radiation therapy is completely painless during the session. You will lie on a treatment table, the machine will move around you, and you will hear some noise — but you will not feel anything. Some patients experience side effects in the days or weeks following treatment, but the sessions themselves are not painful.
Many patients continue working throughout their treatment, especially for shorter courses like SBRT (1–5 sessions). For longer conventional courses, fatigue may accumulate and affect your work schedule, particularly toward the end of treatment. Dr. Hallock can help you plan realistically based on your specific treatment and job.
Traditionally, small permanent dot tattoos were used to help align patients consistently for each session. At Atlas Radiation Medicine, we use surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) technology that tracks your body surface with a camera system in real time — which can reduce or eliminate the need for permanent tattoos in many treatment types.
You can be referred by your primary care physician, surgeon, medical oncologist, or any other specialist. You are also welcome to call us directly — our team can help determine whether a referral is needed by your insurance. Call (716) 555-0100 or use the Request Appointment form on this site.

Radiation Oncology Glossary

EBRT
External Beam Radiation Therapy — radiation delivered from a machine outside the body. The most common type of radiation therapy.
Fractionation
Dividing the total radiation dose into multiple smaller doses (fractions) given over several days or weeks. Allows healthy tissue to recover between sessions.
IMRT
Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy — radiation delivered in modulated beams that conform precisely to the tumor shape while minimizing dose to surrounding tissue.
IGRT
Image-Guided Radiation Therapy — using imaging at each session to verify and refine patient positioning before delivering treatment.
LINAC
Linear Accelerator — the machine used to deliver external beam radiation. Atlas operates the Varian EDGE LINAC.
Simulation (CT Sim)
A CT scan taken before treatment begins to map your anatomy precisely. Used by your care team to design your personalized treatment plan. Not a treatment itself.
SBRT
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy — high-dose, precisely targeted radiation delivered in 1–5 sessions. Used for lung, prostate, liver, spine, and other cancers.
SRS
Stereotactic Radiosurgery — a single high-dose treatment for brain tumors or metastases. Despite the name, no surgery is involved.
SGRT
Surface-Guided Radiation Therapy — uses a camera system to track the patient's body surface in real time during treatment, improving accuracy without tattoos.
Treatment Planning
The process of designing a personalized radiation plan using your CT simulation images, defining the tumor target, and calculating the optimal beam arrangement.

Still Have Questions?

Our Care Guide can answer general questions — or call us to speak with our care team directly.

Request a Consultation
Atlas Care Guide
Here to help you understand your care
Hi! I can answer general questions about radiation therapy — what to expect, how treatments work, side effects, and more. What's on your mind?
For questions specific to your care, please speak with Dr. Hallock directly.